This is a list of the
hypati
''Hypatos'' ( gr, ὕπατος; plural: , ''hypatoi'') and the variant ''apo hypatōn'' (, "former ''hypatos''", literally: "from among the consuls") was a Byzantine court dignity, originally the Greek translation of Latin ''consul'' (the litera ...
,
patricians
The patricians (from la, patricius, Greek: πατρίκιος) were originally a group of ruling class families in ancient Rome. The distinction was highly significant in the Roman Kingdom, and the early Republic, but its relevance waned after ...
,
consul
Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states throu ...
s, and
duke
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are rank ...
s of
Gaeta. Many of the dates are uncertain and sometimes the status of the rulership, with co-rulers and suzerain–vassal relations, is vague.
Native rule (839–1032)
Anatolian dynasty
*
Constantine
Constantine most often refers to:
* Constantine the Great, Roman emperor from 306 to 337, also known as Constantine I
*Constantine, Algeria, a city in Algeria
Constantine may also refer to:
People
* Constantine (name), a masculine given name ...
(839–866)
*
Marinus I (839–866)
Docibilan dynasty
*
Docibilis I (866-906)
*
John I (867–933 or 934), also patrician from 877
*
Docibilis II (914 or 915–954), co–hypatus from 906
*
John II John II may refer to:
People
* John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (1455–1499)
* John II Casimir Vasa of Poland (1609–1672)
* John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch (died 1302)
* John II Doukas of Thessaly (1303–1318)
* John II Komnenos (1087–1 ...
(954–962 or 963), co–duke from 933 or 934, consul
*
Gregory (962 or 963–978)
*
Marinus II (978–984)
*
John III (984–1008), co–duke from 979
*
John IV (1008–1012), co–duke from 991
*
John V (1012–1032), also consul
**
Emilia
Emilia may refer to:
People
* Emilia (given name), list of people with this name
Places
* Emilia (region), a historical region of Italy. Reggio, Emilia
* Emilia-Romagna, an administrative region in Italy, including the historical regions of Emi ...
, grandmother, regent (1012–1027)
**
Leo I
The LEO I (Lyons Electronic Office I) was the first computer used for commercial business applications.
The prototype LEO I was modelled closely on the Cambridge EDSAC. Its construction was overseen by Oliver Standingford, Raymond Thompson and ...
, uncle, regent (1017–1023)
Lombard period (1032–1064)
In 1041, Guaimar gave direct control and his title to the
count of Aversa
In 1030, the first Norman foothold in the Mezzogiorno was created when Sergius IV of Naples gave the town and vicinity of Aversa as a county to Ranulf. The following are the counts of Aversa:
*Rainulf I 1030–1045
* Asclettin 1045 (nephew of pr ...
. In 1058, Gaeta was made subject to the count of Aversa, by then
prince of Capua.
*
Pandulf I (1032–1038)
*
Pandulf II (1032–1038), co–duke
*
Leo II (1042), a member of the Docibilan family
*
Guaimar (1042–1045)
**
Ranulf (1042–1045)
**
Asclettin (1045)
*
Atenulf I (1045–1062), also count of
Aquino
*
Atenulf II (1062–1064), also count of
Aquino
**
Maria
Maria may refer to:
People
* Mary, mother of Jesus
* Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages
Place names Extraterrestrial
* 170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877
* Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, ...
, regent (1062–1065), daughter of Pandulf I, wife of Atenulf I and William I, and mother of Atenulf II and Lando
Norman period (1064–1140)
These were vassals of the
princes of Capua
This is a list of the rulers of the Principality of Capua.
Lombard rulers of Capua Gastalds and counts
The gastalds (or counts) of Capua were vassals of the princes of Benevento until the early 840s, when Gastald Landulf began to clamour for the ...
. Princes
Richard I
Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and was ...
and his son
Jordan I used the titles duke and consul from 1058 and 1062 respectively.
*
William I
William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 10 ...
(1064)
*
Lando (1064–1065), also count of
Traietto
*
Dannibaldo (1066–1067)
*
Geoffrey (1068–1086)
*
Reginald (from 1086)
*
Gualganus (until 1091)
*
Landulf (1091–1103)
*
William II (1103–1104 or 1105)
*
Richard II (1104 or 1105–1111)
*
Andrew
Andrew is the English form of a given name common in many countries. In the 1990s, it was among the top ten most popular names given to boys in List of countries where English is an official language, English-speaking countries. "Andrew" is freq ...
(1111–1112)
*
Jonathan (1112–1121)
*
Richard III (1121–1140)
In 1140, Gaeta went directly to the
king of Sicily,
Roger II
Roger II ( it, Ruggero II; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in ...
. Under the
Hautevilles and the
Hohenstaufen
The Hohenstaufen dynasty (, , ), also known as the Staufer, was a noble family of unclear origin that rose to rule the Duchy of Swabia from 1079, and to royal rule in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages from 1138 until 1254. The dynast ...
, sovereigns continued issuing coinage as rulers of Gaeta until 1229.
Victory title
In the mid–19th century, the soldier, politician and diplomat
Enrico Cialdini
Enrico Cialdini, Duca di Gaeta (8 August 18118 September 1892) was an Italian soldier, politician and diplomat.
Biography
He was born in Castelvetro, in the province of Modena. In 1831 he took part in the insurrection at Modena, fleeing afterw ...
(1811–1892) was created ''Duca di Gaeta'' by the
King of Italy
King of Italy ( it, links=no, Re d'Italia; la, links=no, Rex Italiae) was the title given to the ruler of the Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The first to take the title was Odoacer, a barbarian military leader ...
as a
victory title
A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation. The practice is first known in Ancient Rome and is still most commonly associated with the Romans, but it was also adop ...
in recognition of his role during the
Siege of Gaeta (1860) The siege of Gaeta can refer to several historical sieges of the city of Gaeta in Italy:
*Siege of Gaeta (1435), siege by Alfonso V of Aragon against a Genoese garrison
*Siege of Gaeta (1707), Austrian attack during the War of the Spanish Successio ...
.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaeta
Lists of Italian nobility
Dukedoms of Italy
Lists of dukes
Duchy of Gaeta